EE117UCB

Table of contents

1. Chapter 1 Introduction: Waves and Phasors
2. Chapter 2 Transmission Lines
3. Chapter 3 Vector Analysis
4. Chapter 4 Electrostatics
5. Chapter 5 Magnetostatics
6. Chapter 6 Maxwell’s Equations for Time-Varying Fields
7. Chapter 7 Plane-Wave Propagation
8. Chapter 8 Wave Reflection and Transmission
9. Chapter 9 Radiation and Antennas
10. Chapter 10 Satellite Communication Systems and Radar Sensors
11. Appendix A Symbols, Quantities, Units, and Abbreviations
12. Appendix B Material Constants of Some Common Materials
13. Appendix C Mathematical Formulas
14. Appendix D Answers to Selected Problems
15. Bibliography
16. Index

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Chapter 1 Introduction: Waves and Phasors

• 1-1 Historical Timeline
  • 1-1.1 EM in the Classical Era
  • 1-1.2 EM in the Modern Era
• 1-2 Dimensions, Units, and Notation
• 1-3 The Nature of Electromagnetism
  • 1-3.1 The Gravitational Force: A Useful Analogue
  • 1-3.2 Electric Fields
  • 1-3.3 Magnetic Fields
  • 1-3.4 Static and Dynamic Fields
• 1-4 Traveling Waves
  • 1-4.1 Sinusoidal Waves in a Lossless Medium
• TB1 LED Lighting
  • 1-4.2 Sinusoidal Waves in a Lossy
• 1-5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
• 1-6 Review of Complex Numbers
• 1-7 Review of Phasors
  • 1-7.1 Solution Procedure
• TB2 Solar Cells
  • 1-7.2 Traveling Waves in the Phasor Domain
  • Chapter 1 Summary
  • Problems

Chapter 2 Transmission Lines

• 2-1 General Considerations
  • 2-1.1 The Role of Wavelength
  • 2-1.2 Propagation Modes
• 2-2 Lumped-Element Model
• 2-3 Transmission-Line Equations
• 2-4 Wave Propagation on a Transmission Line
• 2-5 The Lossless Microstrip Line
• 2-6 The Lossless Transmission Line:General Considerations
  • 2-6.1 Voltage Reflection Coefficient
  • 2-6.2 Standing Waves
• 2-7 Wave Impedance of the Lossless Line
• 2-8 Special Cases of the Lossless Line
  • 2-8.1 Short-Circuited Line
  • 2-8.2 Open-Circuited Line
  • 2-8.3 Application of Short-Circuit/Open-Circuit Technique
• TB3 Microwave Ovens
  • 2-8.4 Lines of Length l =nλ/2
  • 2-8.5 Quarter-Wavelength Transformer
  • 2-8.6 Matched Transmission Line:Zl,=Z0
• 2-9 Power Flow on a Lossless Transmission
  • 2-9.1 Instantaneous Power
  • 2-9.2 Time-Average Power
• 2-10 The Smith Chart
  • 2-10.1 Parametric Equations
  • 2-10.2 Wave lmpedance
  • 2-10.3 SWR, Voltage Maxima and Minima
  • 2-10.4 Impedance to Admittance
• 2-11 Impedance Matching
  • 2-11.1 Lumped-Element Matching
  • 2-11.2 Single-Stub Matching
• 2-12 Transients on Transmission Lines
• TB4 EM Cancer Zappers
  • 2-12.1 Transient Response
  • 2-12.2 Bounce Diagrams
  • Chapter 2 Summary
  • Problems

Chapter 3 Vector Analysis

• 3-1 Basic Laws of Vector Algebra
  • 3-1.1 Equality of Two Vectors
  • 3-1.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction
  • 3-1.3 Position and Distance Vectors
  • 3-1.4 Vector Multiplicatior
  • 3-1.5 Scalar and Vector Triple Products
• 3-2 Orthogonal Coordinate Systems
  • 3-2.1 Cartesian Coordinates
  • 3-2.2 Cylindrical Coordinates
  • 3-2.3 Spherical Coordinates
• 3-3 Transformations between Coordinate
  • 3-3.1 Cartesian to Cylindrical
• TB5 Global Positioning System
  • 3-3.2 Cartesian to Spherical Transformations
  • 3-3.3 Cylindrical to Spherical Transformations
  • 3-3.4 Distance between Two Points Gradient of a Scalar Field
• 3-4 Gradient of a Scalar Field
  • 3-4.1 Gradient Operator in Cylindrical
  • 3-4.2 Properties of the Gradient Operator
• 3-5 Divergence of a Vector Field
• 3-6 Curl of a Vector Field
• TB6 X-Ray Computed Tomography
  • 3-6.1 Vector ldentities Involving the Curl
  • 3-6.2 Stokes’s Theorem
• 3-7 Laplacian Operator
  • Chapter 3 Summary
  • Problems

Chapter 4 Electrostatics

• 4-1 Maxwell’s Equations
• 4-2 Charge and Current Distributions
  • 4-2.1 Charge Densities
  • 4-2.2 Current Density
• 4.3 Coulomb’s Law
  • 4-3.1 Electric Field due to Multiple Point Charges
  • 4-3.2 Electric Field due to a Charge Distribution
• 4-4 Gauss’s Law
• 4-5 Electric Scalar Potential
  • 4-5.1 Electric Potential as a Function of Electric Field
  • 4-5.2 Electric Potential Due to Point Charges
• 4-5.3 Electric Potential Due to Continuous Distributions
• 4-5.4 Electric Field as a Function of
• 4-5.5 Poisson’s Equation
• 4-6 Conductors
• TB7 Resistive Sensors
  • 4-6.1 Drift Velocity
  • 4-6.2 Resistance
  • 4-6.3 Joule’s Law
• 4-7 Dielectrics
  • 4-7.1 Polarization Fielc
  • 4-7.2 Dielectric Breakdown
• 4-8 Electric Boundary Conditions
  • 4-8.1 Dielectric-Conductor Boundary
  • 4-8.2 Conductor-Conductor Boundary
• 4-9 Capacitance
• 4-10 Electrostatic Potential Energy
• TB8 Supercapacitors as Batteries
• TB9 Capacitive Sensors
• 4-11 Image Method
  • Chapter 4 Summary
  • Problems

Chapter 5 Magnetostatics

• 5-1 Magnetic Forces and Torques
  • 5-1.1 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor
  • 5-1.2 Magnetic Torque on a Current-Carrying Loop
• 5-2 The Biot-Savart Law
  • 5-2.1 Magnetic Field due to Surface and Volume Current Distributions
  • 5-2.2 Magnetic Field of a Magnetic Dipole
  • 5-2.3 Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Conductors
• 5-3 Maxwell’s Magnetostatic Equations
  • 5-3.1 Gauss’s Law for Magnetism
  • 5-3.2 Amp`ere’s Law
• TB10 Electromagnets
• 5-4 Vector Magnetic Potential
• 5-5 Magnetic Properties of Materials
  • 5-5.1 Electron Orbital and Spin Magnetic Moments
  • 5-5.2 Magnetic Permeability
  • 5-5.3 Magnetic Hysteresis of Ferromagnetic Materials
• 5-6 Magnetic Boundary Conditions
• 5-7 Inductance
  • 5-7.1 Magnetic Field in a Solenoid
  • 5-7.2 Self-Inductance
• TB11 Inductive Sensors
  • 5-7.3 Mutual Inductance
• 5-8 Magnetic Energy
  • Chapter 5 Summary
  • Problems

Chapter 6 Maxwell’s Equations for Time-Varying Fields

• 6-1 Faraday’s Law
• 6-2 Stationary Loop in a Time-Varying Magnetic Field
• 6-3 The Ideal Transformer
• 6-4 Moving Conductor in a Static Magnetic Field
• TB12 EMF Sensors
• 6-5 The Electromagnetic Generator
• 6-6 Moving Conductor in a Time-Varying Magnetic Field
• 6-7 Displacement Current
• 6-8 Boundary Conditions for Electromagnetics
• 6-9 Charge-Current Continuity Relation
• 6-10 Free-Charge Dissipation in a Conductor
• 6-11 Electromagnetic Potentials
  • 6-11.1 Retarded Potentials
  • 6-11.2 Time-Harmonic Potentials
  • Chapter 6 Summary
  • Problems

Chapter 7 Plane-Wave Propagation

• 7-1 Time-Harmonic Fields

  • 7-1.1 Complex Permittivity
  • 7-1.2 Wave Equations

• 7-2 Plane-Wave Propagation in Lossless Media

  • 7-2.1 Uniform Plane Waves
  • 7-2.2 General Relation Between E and H

• TB13 RFID Systems

• 7-3 Wave Polarization

  • 7-3.1 Linear Polarization
  • 7-3.2 Circular Polarization
  • 7-3.3 Elliptical Polarization

• 7-4 Plane-Wave Propagation in Lossy Media

  • 7-4.1 Low-Loss Dielectric
  • 7-4.2 Good Conductor

• TB14 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

• 7-5 Current Flow in a Good Conductor

• 7-6 Electromagnetic Power Density

  • 7-6.1 Plane Wave in a Lossless Medium
  • 7-6.2 Plane Wave in a Lossy Medium
  • 7-6.3 Decibel Scale for Power Ratios
  • Chapter 7 Summary
  • Problems

Chapter 8 Wave Reflection and Transmission

• 8-1 Wave Reflection and Transmission at Normal Incidence
  • 8-1.1 Boundary between Lossless Media
  • 8-1.2 Transmission-Line Analogue
  • 8-1.3 Power Flow in Lossless Media
  • 8-1.4 Boundary between Lossy Media
• 8-2 Snell’s Laws
• 8-3 Fiber Optics
• 8-4 Wave Reflection and Transmission at Oblique Incidence
• TB15 Lasers
  • 8-4.1 Perpendicular Polarization
  • 8-4.2 Parallel Polarization
  • 8-4.3 Brewster Angle
• 8-5 Reflectivity and Transmissivity
• 8-6 Waveguides
• TB16 Bar-Code Readers
• 8-7 General Relations for E and H
• 8-8 TM Modes in Rectangular Waveguide
• 8-9 TE Modes in Rectangular Waveguide
• 8-10 Propagation Velocities
• 8-11 Cavity Resonators
  • 8-11.1 Resonant Frequency
  • 8-11.2 Quality Factor
  • Chapter 8 Summary
  • Problems

Chapter 9 Radiation and Antennas

• 9-1 The Hertzian Dipole
  • 9-1.1 Far-Field Approximation
  • 9-1.2 Power Density
• 9-2 Antenna Radiation Characteristics
  • 9-2.1 Antenna Pattern
  • 9-2.2 Beam Dimensions
  • 9-2.3 Antenna Directivity
  • 9-2.4 Antenna Gain
  • 9-2.5 Radiation Resistance
• 9-3 Half-Wave Dipole Antenna
  • 9-3.1 Directivity of λ/2 Dipole
  • 9-3.2 Radiation Resistance of λ/2 Dipole
  • 9-3.3 Quarter-Wave Monopole Antenna
• 9-4 Dipole of Arbitrary Length
• 9-5 Effective Area of a Receiving Antenna
• TB17 Health Risks of EM Fields
• 9-6 Friis Transmission Formula
• 9-7 Radiation by Large-Aperture Antennas
• 9-8 Rectangular Aperture with Uniform Aperture Distribution
  • 9-8.1 Beamwidth
  • 9-8.2 Directivity and Effective Area
• 9-9 Antenna Arrays
• 9-10 N-Element Array with Uniform Phase Distribution
• 9-11 Electronic Scanning of Arrays
  • 9-11.1 Uniform-Amplitude Excitation
  • 9-11.2 Array Feeding
  • Chapter 9 Summary
  • Problems

Chapter 10 Satellite Communication Systems and Radar Sensors

• 10-1 Satellite Communication Systems
• 10-2 Satellite Transponders
• 10-3 Communication-Link Power Budget
• 10-4 Antenna Beams
• 10-5 Radar Sensors
  • 10-5.1 Basic Operation of a Radar System
  • 10-5.2 Unambiguous Range
  • 10-5.3 Range and Angular Resolutions
• 10-6 Target Detection
• 10-7 Doppler Radar
• 10-8 Monopulse Radar
  • Chapter 10 Summary
  • Problems

Appendix A Symbols, Quantities, Units, and Abbreviations

Appendix B Material Constants of Some Common Materials

Appendix C Mathematical Formulas

Appendix D Answers to Selected Problems

Bibliography

Index